The Effect of Turkey's Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) on Its External Trade: Counterfactual Impact Analysis

The study aims to estimate the impact of Turkey's FTAs on its average external trade level by three novel approaches, which are fixed effects counterfactual estimator (FEct), interactive effect (IFEct) estimator, and matrix completion (MC) method introduced Liu et al (2022). results show that while have a positive exports economies Turkey has FTAs, we do not find any significant imports average. findings increased these 54.7% over five years after entered into force. Moreover, placebo test signal agreements export might occur before As far as know, this is first considering countries estimators